![]() ![]() The experimental protocols were approved by the Ethics Committee on the Use of Laboratory Animals of UFMG (CETEA-UFMG protocol 092/11). Twelve male Wistar rats (weighing 100–150 g) and four male C57BL/6 (18–22 g) mice were maintained at the animal facility of the Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil, and received water and food under controlled environmental conditions. The aim of this study was to confirm this possible cardiotoxic activity of Hlsv. These previous works suggested Hlsv may have cardiotoxic effects, since its activity was associated with high serum levels of creatine kinase (CK) and its isoenzyme MB (CK–MB). These molecules are peptides that act on ion channels and result in great release of neurotransmitters, seriously affecting hemodynamic and cardiorespiratory systems. These symptoms closely resemble those produced by the venom of scorpions pertaining to the Buthidae family, which contains the most medically relevant species that possess, in some cases, neurotoxins in their venoms. venoms, symptoms such as excitability, agitation, salivation, eye secretions, convulsions, leg paralysis, as well as serological, biochemical and enzymatic alterations were detected in envenomed animals. ![]() lunatus scorpion venom ( Hlsv) was classified as moderately toxic when compared with Tityus spp. lunatus experimental envenomation in rodents. In a first attempt to characterize the effects of this venom, our group reported initial data of H. However, considering our previous works, we hypothesize that this scorpion has potential to cause significant damage to their victims. lunatus venom has not been extensively studied and there are not sufficient case reports describing human envenomation by this species. Although these stings are not considered lethal, intense pain, edema, ulceration and necrosis are among the reported symptoms and signs. During 2009, the Health Ministry of Peru reported 41 cases of human accidents caused by this scoprion in Lima. lunatus is the most medically relevant species in Peru. lunatus venom is capable of inducing cardiorespiratory alterations, a typical systemic effect of scorpionism, stressing the importance of medical monitoring in envenomation cases. lunatus venom exerts a toxic effect on heart. lunatus venom showed a significant decrease in calcium transient, confirming that H. Furthermore, mouse ventricular cardiomyocytes incubated with H. lunatus venom was capable of binding to cardiomyocytes. In addition, immunofluorescence showed that H. Lungs of envenomed animals showed significant alterations, such as diffuse hemorrhage. lunatus venom increased heart rate and caused arrhythmia, thereby impairing the heart functioning. The significance level was set at p < 0.05. Data were analyzed by ANOVA or Student’s t-test. Mouse cardiomyocytes were used to perform immunofluorescence and calcium transient assays. After euthanasia, rat lungs were collected and histopathologically analyzed. lunatus scorpion venom were submitted to electrocardiography. The aim of the present study was to analyze the cardiorespiratory alterations caused by H. In spite of its prevalence, there are only very few studies on H. Hadruroides lunatus is the most abundant scorpion species in the Peruvian central coast, where most of the accidents involving humans are registered. ![]()
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